Environmental deoxyribonucleic acid, also known as eDNA or environmental DNA, refers to the nuclear or mitochondrial genes released by organisms into the environment. In contrast to traditional biological surveys, sequencing and analyzing eDNA isolated from marine water bodies can rapidly and comprehensively provide nucleic acid specific sequences from various organisms, and even endangered species. This aids in estimating the biological species that once existed in the environment, contributing to the exploration of species richness, diversity, and distribution, and promoting the management and conservation of marine resources.